General Appearance
The ideal Boxer is a medium-sized, square-built
dog of good substance with short back, strong limbs, and short, tight-fitting
coat. His well-developed muscles are clean, hard, and appear smooth under
taut skin. His movements denote energy. The gait is firm yet elastic, the
stride free and ground-covering, the carriage proud. Developed to serve
as guard, working, and companion dog, he combines strength and agility
with elegance and style. His expression is alert and his temperament steadfast
and tractable. The chiseled head imparts to the Boxer a unique individual
stamp. It must be in correct proportion to the body. The broad, blunt muzzle
is the distinctive feature, and great value is placed upon its being of
proper form and balance with the skull. In judging the Boxer first consideration
is given to general appearance and overall balance. Special attention is
then devoted to the head, after which the individual body components are
examined for their correct construction, and the gait evaluated for efficiency.
Size, Proportion, Substance
Size: Adult males 23 to 25 inches; females 21½
to 23½ inches at the withers. Proper balance and quality in the
individual should be of primary importance since there is no size disqualification.
Proportion: The body in profile is square in that
a horizontal line from the front of the forechest to the rear projection
of the upper thigh should equal the length of a vertical line dropped from
the top of the withers to the ground.
Substance: Sturdy, with balanced musculature. Males
larger boned than females.
Head
The beauty of the head depends upon the harmonious proportion
of muzzle to skull. The blunt muzzle is 1/3 the length of the head from
the occiput to the tip of the nose, and 2/3rds the width of the skull.
The head should be clean, not showing deep wrinkles (wet). Wrinkles typically
appear upon the forehead when ears are erect, and are always present from
the lower edge of the stop running downward on both sides of the muzzle.
Expression: Intelligent and alert.
Eyes: Dark brown in color, frontally placed, generous,
not too small, too protruding, or too deep-set. Their mood-mirroring character,
combined with the wrinkling of the forehead, gives the Boxer head its unique
quality of expressiveness. Third eyelids preferably have pigmented rims.
Ears: Set at the highest points of the sides of
the skull, the ears are customarily cropped, cut rather long and tapering,
and raised when alert. If uncropped, the ears should be of moderate size,
thin, lying flat and close to the cheeks in repose, but falling forward
with a definite crease when alert.
Skull: The top of the skull is slightly arched,
not rounded, flat, nor noticeably broad, with the occiput not overly pronounced.
The forehead shows a slight indentation between the eyes and forms a distinct
stop with the topline of the muzzle. The cheeks should be relatively flat
and not bulge (cheekiness), maintaining the clean lines of the skull as
they taper into the muzzle in a slight, graceful curve.
Muzzle and Nose: The muzzle, proportionately developed
in length, width, and depth, has a shape influenced first through the formation
of both jawbones, second through the placement of the teeth, and third
through the texture of the lips. The top of the muzzle should not slant
down (downfaced), nor should it be concave (dishfaced); however, the tip
of the nose should lie slightly higher than the root of the muzzle. The
nose should be broad and black.
Bite and Jaw Structure: The Boxer bite is undershot,
the lower jaw protruding beyond the upper and curving slightly upward.
The incisor teeth of the lower jaw are in a straight line, with the canines
preferably up front in the same line to give the jaw the greatest possible
width. The upper line of the incisors is slightly convex with the corner
upper incisors fitting snugly in back of the lower canine teeth on each
side. Neither the teeth nor the tongue should ever show when the mouth
is closed.
The upper jaw is broad where attached to the skull and
maintains this breadth, except for a very slight tapering to the front.
The lips, which complete the formation of the muzzle, should meet evenly
in front. The upper lip is thick and padded, filling out the frontal space
created by the projection of the lower jaw, and laterally is supported
by the canines of the lower jaw. Therefore, these canines must stand far
apart and be of good length so that the front surface of the muzzle is
broad and squarish and, when viewed from the side, shows moderate layback.
The chin should be perceptible from the side as well as from the front.
Any suggestion of an overlip obscuring the chin should be penalized.
Neck, Topline, Body
Neck: Round, of ample length, muscular and clean
without excessive hanging skin (dewlap). The neck should have a distinctly
arched and elegant nape blending smoothly into the withers.
Back and Topline: The back is short, straight,
muscular, firm, and smooth. The topline is slightly sloping when the Boxer
is at attention, leveling out when in motion.
Body: The chest is of fair width, and the forechest
well-defined and visible from the side. The brisket is deep, reaching down
to the elbows; the depth of the body at the lowest point of the brisket
equals half the height of the dog at the withers. The ribs, extending far
to the rear, are well-arched but not barrel-shaped. The loins are short
and muscular. The lower stomach line is slightly tucked up, blending into
a graceful curve to the rear. The croup is slightly sloped, flat and broad.
The pelvis is long, and in females especially broad. The tail is set high,
docked, and carried upward. An undocked tail should be severely penalized.
Forequarters
The shoulders are long and sloping, close-lying, and
not excessively covered with muscle (loaded). The upper arm is long, approaching
a right angle to the shoulder blade. The elbows should not press too closely
to the chest wall nor stand off visibly from it. The forelegs are long,
straight, and firmly muscled, and, when viewed from the front, stand parallel
to each other. The pastern is strong and distinct, slightly slanting, but
standing almost perpendicular to the ground. The dewclaws may be removed.
Feet should be compact, turning neither in nor out, with well-arched toes.
Hindquarters
The hindquarters are strongly muscled, with angulation
in balance with that of the forequarters.
The thighs are broad and curved, the breech musculature
hard and strongly developed. Upper and lower thigh are long. The legs are
well-angulated at the stifle, neither too steep nor over-angulated, with
clearly defined, well “let down” hock joints. Viewed from behind, the hind
legs should be straight, with hock joints leaning neither in nor out. From
the side, the leg below the hock (metatarsus) should be almost perpendicular
to the ground, with a slight slope to the rear permissible. The metatarsus
should be short, clean, and strong. The Boxer has no rear dewclaws.
Coat
Short, shiny, lying smooth and tight to the body.
Color
The colors are fawn and brindle. Fawn shades vary from
light tan to mahogany. The brindle ranges from sparse but clearly defined
black stripes on a fawn background to such a heavy concentration of black
striping that the essential fawn background color barely, although clearly,
shows through (which may create the appearance of reverse brindling).
White markings, if present, should be of such distribution
as to enhance the dog’s appearance, but may not exceed one-third of the
entire coat. They are not desirable on the flanks or on the back of the
torso proper. On the face, white may replace part of the otherwise essential
black mask, and may extend in an upward path between the eyes, but it must
not be excessive, so as to detract from true Boxer expression. The absence
of white markings, the so-called “plain” fawn or brindle, is perfectly
acceptable, and should not be penalized in any consideration of color.
Disqualifications: Boxers that are any color other than
fawn or brindle. Boxers with a total of white markings exceeding one-third
of the entire coat.
Gait
Viewed from the side, proper front and rear angulation
is manifested in a smoothly efficient, level-backed, ground covering stride
with a powerful drive emanating from a freely operating rear. Although
the front legs do not contribute impelling power, adequate reach should
be evident to prevent interference, overlap, or sidewinding (crabbing).
Viewed from the front, the shoulders should remain trim and the elbows
not flare out. The legs are parallel until gaiting narrows the track in
proportion to increasing speed, then the legs come in under the body but
should never cross. The line from the shoulder down through the leg should
remain straight although not necessarily perpendicular to the ground. Viewed
from the rear, a Boxer’s rump should not roll. The hind feet should dig
in and track relatively true with the front. Again, as speed increases,
the normally broad rear track will become narrower. The Boxer’s gait should
always appear smooth and powerful, never stilted or inefficient.
Character and Temperament
These are of paramount importance in the Boxer. Instinctively
a hearing guard dog, his bearing is alert, dignified, and self-assured.
In the show ring his behavior should exhibit constrained animation. With
family and friends, his temperament is fundamentally playful, yet patient
and stoical with children. Deliberate and wary with strangers, he will
exhibit curiosity, but, most importantly, fearless courage if threatened.
However, he responds promptly to friendly overtures honestly rendered.
His intelligence, loyal affection, and tractability to discipline make
him a highly desirable companion. Any evidence of shyness, or lack of dignity
or alertness, should be severely penalized.
The foregoing description is that of the ideal Boxer.
Any deviation from the above-described dog must be penalized to the extent
of the deviation.
Disqualifications
Boxers that are any color other than fawn or brindle.
Boxers with a total of white markings exceeding one-third of the entire
coat.
AKC Approval February 11, 2005
Effective: March 30, 2005
© Copyright The American Kennel
Club, Inc., 2005
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